Trees
See below the table for the key to the Sun/Soil Moisture and Benefit to Wildlife columns.| Common name | Scientific name | Height/Width | Sun / Soil moisture* | Flower & fruit dates | Tend to be resistant to: | Benefit to Wildlife* | Special Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Southern sugar maple | Acer floridanum | 40-60’/40-60′ | s-ps / m | Apr-May; Jun-Oct | NE,SE, LH | ||
| Chalk maple | Acer leucoderme (native) | 20-30’/15-25′ | s-ps / m, d | Mar-Apr; Apr-Sep | drought | NE,SE, LH | |
| Red maple | Acer rubrum | 40-75’/20-50′ | s-ps / w,m | Jan-Mar; Apr-Jul | drought, deer | NE,SE, LH | |
| Downy serviceberry | Amelanchier arborea | 20-40’/8-15′ | s-ps / m, d | Mar-May; May-Aug | deer | BE, NE, LH | Fruits can be damaged by rust fungus. |
| Eastern serviceberry | Amelanchier canadensis | 10-20’/5-10′ | s-ps / m | Mar-Apr; May-Jun | deer | BE, NE, LH | Fruits can be damaged by rust fungus. |
| Dwarf pawpaw | Asimina parviflora | 3-12’/2-6′ | s-ps / m,d | Apr–May; Jul–Sep | deer | BE, LH | Species is drought sensitive. |
| Common pawpaw | Asimina triloba | 8-35’/6-10′ | ps-sh / m | Mar-May; Aug-Oct | deer | BE, LH | Species is drought sensitive. |
| River birch | Betula nigra | 40-80’/15-25′ | s-ps / w, m | Mar-Apr; May-Jun | drought, deer | LH, SE | |
| Ironwood, American hornbeam | Carpinus caroliniana | 15-35’/12-18′ | s-sh / w, m | Mar-Apr; Sep-Oct | SE, LH | Drought sensitive | |
| Bitternut hickory | Carya cordiformis | 70-100’/25-40′ | s-ps / w, m | Apr-May; Oct | SE, LH | ||
| Pignut hickory | Carya glabra | 60-80’/25-35′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr-May; Oct | SE, LH | ||
| Common Shagbark hickory | Carya ovata | 70′-100’/20-35′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr-May; Oct | SE, LH | ||
| Mockernut hickory | Carya tomentosa | 60′-80’/20-30′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr-May; Oct | SE, LH | ||
| Southern hackberry | Celtis laevigata | 60-80’/40-60′ | s-ps / m,d | Apr-May; Aug-Oct | deer | NE,BE,LH | Best for natural areas. Tolerates seasonal flooding |
| Dwarf hackberry | Celtis tenuifolia | 12-25’/8-15′ | s-ps / w, m, d | Apr–May; Aug–Oct | deer | NE,BE,LH | |
| Eastern redbud | Cercis canadensis | 10-25’/10-20′ | s-ps / m, d | Mar-May; Jun-Nov | drought, deer | NE, SE, LH | |
| Fringe tree | Chionanthus virginicus | 10-30’/10-20′ | s-ps / m,d | Apr–May; Jul–Sep | BE, LH | Needs male pollinator | |
| Silky dogwood | Cornus amomum | 3-10’/3-6′ | s-ps / w, m | May–Jun; Aug–Sep | drought | NE, BE, LH | |
| Flowering dogwood | Cornus florida | 12-20’/8-15′ | ps / m | Mar-May; Aug-Oct | NE, BE, LH | ||
| Hawthorns | Crataegus spp. | 20-35’/20-35′ | s / m, d | Mar-Apr; Sep-Nov | drought, deer | NE, BE, LH | Washington Hawthorn is drought tolerant |
| American or common persimmon | Diospyros virginiana | 30′ to 70’/15′ to 25′ | s / m, d | May–Jun; Sep–Dec | drought | NE, BE, LH | Dioecious: male pollinator plant needed for female fruit set. Edible fruit. |
| American beech | Fagus grandifolia | 50-70’/25-50′ | s / m,d | Mar-May; Sep-Oct | SE, LH | Drought sensitive | |
| American holly (e) | Ilex opaca | to 70’/8-15’+ | s-ps / m | Apr–Jun; Sep–Feb | BE, NE, LH | Needs male pollinator | |
| Eastern red cedar (e) | Juniperus virginiana | 15-35’/3-12′ | s-ps / w, m, d | Jan-Mar; Sep-Feb | drought, deer | BE, LH | needs male pollinator |
| Sweetgum | Liquidambar styraciflua | 60-100’+/30-70′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr–May; Aug–Sep | deer | NE, SE, LH | Fruits messy. |
| Tulip tree, Yellow poplar | Liriodendron tulipifera | 70-130’/30-60′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr–Jun; Sep–Oct | SE, NE, LH | Drought sensitive. | |
| Sweetbay Magnolia (e) | Magnolia virginiana | 20-60’/8-20′ | s-ps / w, m | Apr-Jul; Jul-Oct | deer | BE, LH | evergreen varieties |
| Flowering crabapple | Malus angustifolia | 10-20’/8-15′ | s-ps / m | Apr-May; Aug-Sep | BE, LH | ||
| Black gum | Nyssa sylvatica | 30-100’/20-35′ | s-ps / w, m, d | Apr-Jun; Aug-Oct | drought, deer | NE, BE, LH | |
| American hop-hornbeam | Ostrya virginiana | 20-35’+/10-18′ | s-sh / m | Apr–May; Aug–Oct | SE, LH | ||
| Sourwood | Oxydendrum arboreum | 15-60’/6-12′ | s-ps / m, d | Jun–Jul; Sep–Oct | NE, LH | Source of Sourwood honey. | |
| Shortleaf pine (e) | Pinus echinata | 50-100’/25-30′ | s / m, d | Mar-Apr; Sep-Oct | deer | SE, LH | |
| Longleaf pine (e) | Pinus palustris | 40-70’+/25-40′ | s / m, d | Mar–Apr; Sep–Oct | deer | SE, LH | |
| Virginia pine (e) | Pinus virginiana | 40-70’/20-35′ | s / m, d | Mar-May; Sep-Nov | drought, deer | SE, LH | |
| American Sycamore | Platanus occidentalis | 70-100’+/40-60’+ | ps-s / w, m | Apr–May ; Sep–Nov | drought, deer | NE, SE, LH | Fast-growing. |
| Wild plum | Prunus americana | 25-30’/25-30′ | s-ps / m, d | Mar-Apr; Jun-Aug | drought | LH, BE, NE | Fruit edible. |
| Chickasaw plum | Prunus angustifolia | to 16’/to 10′ | s-ps / m, d | Mar-Apr; Mar-July | LH, BE, NE | Fruit edible. | |
| Black cherry | Prunus serotina | 50-90’/20-30′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr-May; Jul-Sep | drought, deer | BE, NE, LH | |
| White Oak | Quercus alba | 50-100’/30-40’+ | s-ps / m, d | Apr; Sep-Nov | LH,SE | ||
| Scarlet Oak | Quercus coccinea | 50-80’/50-80′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr; Sep-Nov | drought | LH,SE | |
| Overcup Oak | Quercus lyrata | 60-80’+/30-45’+ | s-ps / w, m | Apr; Sep-Nov | LH,SE | ||
| Willow Oak | Quercus phellos | 60-100’/30-60′ | s-ps / m | Apr; Sep-Nov | LH,SE | ||
| Red Oak | Quercus rubra | 60-80’+/30-45’+ | s-ps / m | Apr; Sep-Nov | LH,SE | ||
| Shumard Oak | Quercus shumardii | 80-90’/30-60′ | s-ps / m, d | Apr; Sep-Nov | LH,SE | ||
| Black willow | Salix nigra | 80-100’/25-40′ | s / w | Mar-Apr | drought, deer | LH | |
| Sassafras | Sassafras albidum | 30-60’/12-25′ | s-ps / m-d | Mar–Apr; Jun–Jul | drought, deer | BE, LH | needs male pollinator |
| Winged Elm | Ulmus alata | 30-50’/ | s-ps / m, d | Feb-Mar; Mar-Apr | SE, LH |